In ancient times there was no public education, except that of the forum, the theater, and the street, and the general degree of illiteracy was very high. …the early men of science were left very much to themselves and such a phrase as “the scientific culture of Alexandria in the third century B.C.” does not cover any reality. In a sense, this is still true today; the real pioneers are so far ahead of the crowd (even a very literate crowd) that they remain almost alone…