Benito Mussolini had barely seized power in Italy before the Vatican made an official treaty with him. . . . Catholicism became the only recognized religion in Italy . . . and in return urged its followers to vote for Mussolini’s party. Pope Pius XI described [Mussolini] as ‘a man sent by providence.’ . . . Across southern Europe, the church was a reliable ally in the instatement of fascist regimes. . . .
