A new race-neutral language was developed for appealing to old racist sentiments, — Michelle Alexander
The system functioned relatively automatically, and the prevailing system of racial meanings, — Michelle Alexander
Today there are more African-Americans under correctional control — in prison or jail, — Michelle Alexander
… as recently as the mid-1970s, the most well-respected criminologists were predicting — Michelle Alexander
Since the nation’s founding, African Americans repeatedly have been controlled through institutions — Michelle Alexander
Sociologists have frequently observed that governments use punishment primarily as a tool — Michelle Alexander
